33 research outputs found
Hard limits on the postselectability of optical graph states
Coherent control of large entangled graph states enables a wide variety of
quantum information processing tasks, including error-corrected quantum
computation. The linear optical approach offers excellent control and
coherence, but today most photon sources and entangling gates---required for
the construction of large graph states---are probabilistic and rely on
postselection. In this work, we provide proofs and heuristics to aid
experimental design using postselection. We derive a fundamental limitation on
the generation of photonic qubit states using postselected entangling gates:
experiments which contain a cycle of postselected gates cannot be postselected.
Further, we analyse experiments that use photons from postselected photon pair
sources, and lower bound the number of classes of graph state entanglement that
are accessible in the non-degenerate case---graph state entanglement classes
that contain a tree are are always accessible. Numerical investigation up to
9-qubits shows that the proportion of graph states that are accessible using
postselection diminishes rapidly. We provide tables showing which classes are
accessible for a variety of up to nine qubit resource states and sources. We
also use our methods to evaluate near-term multi-photon experiments, and
provide our algorithms for doing so.Comment: Our manuscript comprises 4843 words, 6 figures, 1 table, 47
references, and a supplementary material of 1741 words, 2 figures, 1 table,
and a Mathematica code listin
Mapping graph state orbits under local complementation
Graph states, and the entanglement they posses, are central to modern quantum
computing and communications architectures. Local complementation---the graph
operation that links all local-Clifford equivalent graph states---allows us to
classify all stabiliser states by their entanglement. Here, we study the
structure of the orbits generated by local complementation, mapping them up to
9 qubits and revealing a rich hidden structure. We provide programs to compute
these orbits, along with our data for each of the 587 orbits up to 9 qubits and
a means to visualise them. We find direct links between the connectivity of
certain orbits with the entanglement properties of their component graph
states. Furthermore, we observe the correlations between graph-theoretical
orbit properties, such as diameter and colourability, with Schmidt measure and
preparation complexity and suggest potential applications. It is well known
that graph theory and quantum entanglement have strong interplay---our
exploration deepens this relationship, providing new tools with which to probe
the nature of entanglement
Programmable four-photon graph states on a silicon chip
Future quantum computers require a scalable architecture on a scalable
technology---one that supports millions of high-performance components.
Measurement-based protocols, based on graph states, represent the state of the
art in architectures for optical quantum computing. Silicon photonics offers
enormous scale and proven quantum optical functionality. Here we report the
first demonstration of photonic graph states on a mass-manufactured chip using
four on-chip generated photons. We generate both star- and line-type graph
states, implementing a basic measurement-based protocol, and measure heralded
interference of the chip's four photons. We develop a model of the device and
bound the dominant sources of error using Bayesian inference. The two-photon
barrier, which has constrained chip-scale quantum optics, is now broken; future
increases in on-chip photon number now depend solely on reducing loss, and
increasing rates. This experiment, combining silicon technology with a
graph-based architecture, illuminates one path to a large-scale quantum future